Mark 16:1-8 (Gothic version)

Jah inwisandins sabbate dagis Marja so Magdalene jah Marja so Iakobis jah Salome usbauhtedun aromata, ei atgaggandeins gasalbodedeina ina. jah filu air þis dagis afarsabbate atiddjedun du þamma hlaiwa at urrinnandin sunnin. jah qeþun du sis misso: ƕas afwalwjai unsis þana stain af daurom þis hlaiwis? jah insaiƕandeins gaumidedun þammei afwalwiþs ist sa stains; was auk mikils abraba. jah atgaggandeins in þata hlaiw gaseƕun juggalauth sitandan in taihswai biwaibidana wastjai ƕeitai; jah usgeisnodedun. þaruh qaþ du im: ni faurhteiþ izwis, Iesu sokeiþ Nazoraiu þana ushramidan; nist her, urrais, sai þana staþ þarei galagidedun ina. akei gaggiþ qiþiduh du siponjam is jah du Paitrau þatei faurbigaggiþ izwis in Galeilaian; þaruh ina gasaiƕiþ, swaswe qaþ izwis. jah usgaggandeins af þamma hlaiwa gaþlauhun; dizuh~þan~sat ijos reiro jah usfilmei, jah ni qeþun mannhun waiht; ohtedun sis auk.

Free rebels and slave rebels in the Italian slave revolt of 73?

So there are a lot of uncertainties about the events. Only fragments of Sallust’s histories survive, and that leaves much later sources from Plutarch’s lives and Appian’s histories, inter alia.

Appian mentions free rebels in one line. Diodorus mentions free rebels in three other uprisings, so it’s likely that there were some free rebels, but it’s unclear how many.

Sallust mentions Galli and Germani among the rebels. Plutarch also mentions Thraci. None of the sources mention Graeci or Asiaci, although recent Roman campaigns had enslaved tens of thousands of people in the East. None of the sources mention Italiaci, although most of the slaves in Roman Italia had grown up in Italia.

A better understanding of how many slaves there were in Roman Italia, and how many people, slave and free, joined the revolt, and what their backgrounds were, would be a good thing.